Hepatitis B
What is it? Hepatitis B is an infectious illness caused by the Hepatitis B virus. It is recognised initially by the symptoms. These can include fever, nausea, loss of appetite, rash, jaundice, dark coloured urine and abdominal pain. These symptoms can last for a number of months.
How is it caused?
Possible routes of the infection are: -
using contaminated needles to inject drugs
having unprotected sexual intercourse
tattooing, acupuncture, electrolysis and body piercing equipment if not sterilised properly before use
open wounds contaminated by blood or body fluids
the body's mucous membranes (e.g. mouth and eyes) coming into contact with blood or body fluids
using toothbrushes or razors that have been contaminated by an infected person
a new born baby can be infected by a mother carrying the virus
How is it spread?
It is spread when a person comes into contact directly or indirectly with an infected person.
What precautionary measures can I take?
Never share needles or syringes
Use a condom when having sex
Don't share razors or toothbrushes
If you are having any tattoos, acupuncture, electrolysis or your body pierced, always go to registered practitioners and ask to see their certificate of registration from the Council
Close contacts and people in occupations where they may come into contact with infected persons should seek medical advice as vaccination may be appropriate
Blood or body fluid spillages should be cleaned up using protective gloves and disinfectant
Follow safety advice if you work in contact with blood or blood products
What happens if I get it?
If you have been diagnosed as having Hepatitis B or are a carrier, it is very important you look after your own health and take steps to prevent it being passed on. For example:
follow the precautionary measures listed above
if you are going to the doctor, dentist or acupuncturist, tell them you have Hepatitis B so that safety measures can be taken
don't give blood
don't undergo chiropody, be tattooed, have your body pierced or use electrolysis until you have been cleared
take care to clean up blood spillages if you cut yourself
cover any cuts or abrasions immediately
Your doctor will want to repeat blood tests and check on your health.